Quasi-monochromatic ULF foreshock waves as observed by the four-spacecraft Cluster mission: 1. Statistical properties

Pc3–4 ULF waves observed by the SuperDARN TIGER radar

Despite extensive research, the mechanisms for propagation of Pc3–4 energy from the generation region at the bow shock to the high-latitude ionosphere remain unresolved. We used high temporal (6–12 s) and spatial (45 km) resolution data from the SuperDARN TIGER radar (Tasmania) to examine Pc3–4 wave signatures at the F-region heights. We focus on a case study on 28 September 2000, when large-am...

Anomalous foreshock field-aligned beams observed by Cluster

We report occasional observations of two simultaneously distinct ion foreshock components recorded by the Cluster spacecraft upstream of the Earth’s bow shock. In most occurrences, the lower-energy population originates as a field-aligned beam (FAB) associated with quasiperpendicular regions, which loses energy as the IMF rotates into oblique geometries. A second beam, with energies in excess o...

Plasma flow channels with ULF waves observed by Cluster and Double Star

On 14 August 2004 a large-scale magnetic structure was observed by Double Star TC-1 in the southern lobe and by Cluster in the northern lobe of the magnetotail. The structure has the signature of a (localized) dipolarization, decreasing Bx accompanied by an increasing Bz and a strong earthward flow. The propagation direction of this structure, however, seems to be more in the dawnward direction...

Whistlers observed by the Cluster spacecraft outside the plasmasphere

Solitary waves observed in the auroral zone: the Cluster multi-spacecraft perspective

We report on recent measurements of solitary waves made by the Wideband Plasma Wave Receiver located on each of the four Cluster spacecraft at 4.5–6.5RE (well above the auroral acceleration region) as they cross field lines that map to the auroral zones. These solitary waves are observed in the Wideband data as isolated bipolar and tripolar waveforms. Examples of the two types of pulses are pro...